Type 1 diabetes begins suddenly, typically in childhood or adolescence. Overview of the most significant symptoms of diabetes It typically begins in children and young adults. Rates of disease vary widely, with approximately one new case per 100,000 per year in East Asia and Latin America and around 30 new cases per 100,000 per year in Scandinavia and Kuwait. Within the United States the number of people affected is estimated at one to three million. The number of people affected globally is unknown, although it is estimated that about 80,000 children develop the disease each year. Type 1 diabetes makes up an estimated 5–10% of all diabetes cases. Furthermore, since insulin lowers blood sugar levels, complications may arise from low blood sugar if more insulin is taken than necessary. Long-term complications include heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, foot ulcers and damage to the eyes. Complications of relatively rapid onset include diabetic ketoacidosis and nonketotic hyperosmolar coma. If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications. A diabetic diet and exercise are important parts of management. Insulin therapy is usually given by injection just under the skin but can also be delivered by an insulin pump. Treatment with insulin is required for survival. There is no known way to prevent type 1 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes can be distinguished from type 2 by testing for the presence of autoantibodies. Diabetes is diagnosed by testing the level of sugar or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) in the blood. The underlying mechanism involves an autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. The cause of type 1 diabetes is unknown, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Symptoms typically develop over a short period of time, often a matter of weeks. Additional symptoms may include blurry vision, tiredness, and slow wound healing. The common symptoms of this elevated blood sugar are frequent urination, increased thirst, increased hunger, weight loss, and other serious complications. Before treatment this results in high blood sugar levels in the body. Insulin is a hormone required for the cells to use blood sugar for energy and it helps regulate normal glucose levels in the bloodstream. Type 1 diabetes ( T1D), formerly known as juvenile diabetes, is an autoimmune disease that originates when cells that make insulin (beta cells) are destroyed by the immune system. Frequent urination, increased thirst, increased hunger, weight loss, blurred vision, fatigue and weakness, Bed-wetting in children who previously didn't wet the bed during the night ĭiabetic ketoacidosis, nonketotic hyperosmolar coma, poor healing, cardiovascular disease, damage to the eyes
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